Carboxylic hydrophilic chain extenders DMBA na DMPA.

Okwu mmalite

Na mmepụta nke polyurethane nke mmiri, carboxylic acid dị ka anionic hydrophilic chain extender bụ ụdị carboxylic acid na diol, nke ejirila ya mee ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe maka usoro ihe ọkụkụ pụrụ iche na arụmọrụ ngwaahịa dị mma.
Carboxylic acid ụdị yinye extender tumadi gụnyere 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid (DMPA) na 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid (DMBA).Ọ bụ molekul diol egbochiri multifunctional pụrụ iche nwere ma hydroxyl na otu carboxyl.Mgbe neutralized na alkali, free acid otu nwere ike na-arụsi ọrụ ike melite mmiri solubility ma ọ bụ mgbasa ọrụ nke resin;E webatara ndị otu polar iji meziwanye nchikota nke mkpuchi na ihe eji esiji ihe eji eme ihe;Mee ka alkali solubility nke mkpuchi.Enwere ike itinye ya na usoro polyurethane mmiri na-edozi mmiri, resin alkyd resin na polyester resin, epoxy ester mkpuchi, polyurethane elastomer na mkpuchi ntụ ntụ.
A pụkwara iji ya mee ihe na kemịkalụ akpụkpọ anụ, kristal mmiri mmiri, inks, ihe mgbakwunye nri na kemịkalụ nrapado, karịsịa na mmepụta nke emulsion polyurethane na akpụkpọ anụ na-emecha ihe.Ọ bụghị nanị na a yinye extender, kamakwa a ọma onwe emulsifying gị n'ụlọnga maka polyurethane, nke nwere ike imeziwanye nkwụsi ike nke polyurethane mmiri mmiri mmiri, n'ihi ya a na-eji ọtụtụ ebe.

Uru nke Iji Dihydroxymethyl Carboxylic Acid

Ude mmiri polyurethane na-ebutekarị ihe hydrophilic n'ime polyurethane molecular chain, wee wepụ ya na alkali iji mepụta nnu, wee gbasaa n'ime mmiri deionized site na nrụgharị ọrụ iji mepụta ude mmiri polyurethane.
A na-ejikarị ụdị hydrophilic atọ eme ihe na polyurethane mmiri: anionic, cationic na ndị na-abụghị ionic.Ụdị anionic tumadi gụnyere: 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid, 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid, tartaric acid, butanediol sulfonate, sodium ethylenediamineethanesulfonate, glycerol na maleic anhydride;Ụdị cationic gụnyere: methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, wdg;Ụdị ion na-abụghị nke na-agụnyekarị polyethylene oxide hydroxyl kwụsịrị.
Ọdịnaya nke onye na-abụghị ionic hydrophilic agent dị ka polyethylene oxide ga-adịrịrị nke ukwuu iji mee ka mgbasa ahụ kwụsie ike.Mmiri nke polyurethane resin nke hydroxyl polyoxyethylene ether dị ka hydrophilic otu nwere ezigbo nguzogide electrolyte, ma mmiri na-eguzogide ihe nkiri ahụ dị nnọọ njọ, n'ihi ya, ọ bụghị ihe bara uru;
Onye na-ahụ maka cationic hydrophilic, dị ka ethylenediamine sodium acrylate adduct, dị ka ngwakọta hydrophilic, na-eme ka usoro mmeghachi omume dum na-eme alkaline.Ọ bụghị naanị mmeghachi omume ngwa ngwa n'etiti - NH2 otu na - NCO otu, kamakwa mmeghachi omume n'etiti - NCO otu na - nhcoo.Ya mere, mmeghachi omume siri ike ịchịkwa ma dị mfe gel.Ọzọkwa, ude mmiri a kwadebere nwere ihe ndị na-adịghị mma na ihe nkiri na-adịghị mma na-emepụta mmiri na-eguzogide, n'ihi ya, a pụghị iji ya mee ihe na ụlọ ọrụ;
Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid dị n'ụdị anionic nwere otu hydroxyl abụọ ma na-arụkwa ọrụ dị ka ihe ndọtị agbụ.Ọrụ abụọ a na-eme ka ọ gosipụta uru dị ukwuu na nkwadebe nke onwe emulsifying Pu lotion.N'oge njikọ nke carbamate, ọ na-eme ka usoro mmeghachi omume acid dị.N'okpuru ọnọdụ acidic, mmeghachi omume n'etiti - NCO na - Oh dị nwayọọ, mgbe - nhcoo - adịghị etinye aka na mmeghachi omume na agaghị eme ka gel.Na mgbakwunye, dimethylol carboxylic acid na-arụkwa ọrụ dị ka ihe ndọtị nke yinye, nke mere na otu hydrophilic (ie, carboxyl group) dị na akụkụ nke agbụ macromolecular.N'iji amine tertiary dị ka onye na-ewepụ ihe, enwere ike ịkwado resin polyurethane aqueous nke nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike na ezigbo mmiri na-emepụta ihe nkiri na ihe mgbaze.Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid bụ ihe kachasị mma hydrophilic nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na nkwadebe nke resin polyurethane nke mmiri.

2,2-Dihydroxymethylpropionic Acid (DMPA) na 2,2-Dihydroxymethylbutyric Acid (DMBA)

N'ime ụdị abụọ nke Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid ejirila ogologo oge ma bụrụ ihe ndọtị hydrophilic nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe ugbu a.Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere ọtụtụ uru, ọ nwekwara ọtụtụ ọghọm, tumadi n'ihi nnukwu agbaze ya (180-185 ℃), nke siri ike ikpo ọkụ na agbaze, nke na-achọ ka mgbakwunye nke organic solvents dị ka N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), n N-dimethylamide (DMF), acetone, wdg, ebe NMP nwere nnukwu isi ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, nke siri ike iwepụ mgbe ọ kwadebere APU.Ọzọkwa, DMPA nwere obere solubility na acetone, na nnukwu ego nke acetone chọrọ ka agbakwunyere na usoro njikọ.Usoro iwepụ ketone ọ bụghị naanị na-emebi ike kamakwa ọ na-ewetakwa ihe egwu nchekwa.Ya mere, iji 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid ọ bụghị nanị na ike oriri, ma ọ dịkwa mfe ime ka organic residues na ngwaahịa.
E jiri ya tụnyere 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid nwere uru ndị a:
1. Ọ nwere mma solubility na organic solvents.Tebụl na-esonụ na-egosi data solubility nke DMBA na DMPA na okpomọkụ dị iche iche na ihe mgbaze;
Data solubility nke DMBA na DMPA na okpomọkụ dị iche iche na ihe mgbaze:

Solubility: unit: g / 100g mgbaze
Solubility na mmiri: 48% maka DMBA na 12% maka DMPA.

2. Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmeghachi omume dị elu, ọsọ ọsọ ọsọ ọsọ na obere mmeghachi omume okpomọkụ.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, oge mmeghachi omume maka ịmepụta polyurethane prepolymer dị mkpụmkpụ, n'ozuzu naanị 50-60 nkeji, ebe DMPA na-ewe 150-180 nkeji;
3. A na-eji ude mmiri polyurethane nke mmiri na-eme ka ọ dị mma na nkesa dị warara;
4. Ebe mgbaze dị ala, 108-114 ℃;
5. Ụdị dị iche iche nke usoro nwere ike ibelata iji ihe mgbaze eme ihe, si otú a na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa ihe mgbaze na ikpofu ọgwụgwọ mmiri mmiri;
6. Enwere ike iji ya dozie usoro polyurethane na polyester na-enweghị ihe mgbaze kpamkpam;
Na usoro njikọ n'ezie, ọ dịghị mkpa ka ọ na-eri ihe mgbaze ọ bụla.Ude mmiri na-emepụta nwere arụmọrụ dị mma na ihe ndị dị mma na-arụ ọrụ nke ihe nkiri ahụ, nke ọ bụghị nanị na-ebelata oge mmeghachi omume, na-ebelata ike oriri, ma na-echekwa ike.Ya mere, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid bụ ogige hydrophilic kacha mara amara.